Knowledge Representation: An AI perspective by H. Reichgelt, Ablex, New York covers all aspects of this topic with good examples.
The Handbook of Artificial Intelligence (Vol. 1, Ch 3) provides a good concise treatment of this area.
Winograd's article in Bobrow and Collins deal with fundamental issues and also their robot planner in Representation and Understanding, Academic Press (1975) deals with declarative verses procedural issues.